Pump for liquid or gaseous bodies.



2 Sheets-Sheet I.l

,ifi

. J. N. HocHGEsAND. PUMP-v FOR LIQUID 0R GASEDUS BDIES.`

No. 631,377.A

(No Model.)

'"Ptted Nov. 26, |961.

J. N. HOCHGESAND.

PUMP FUR LIGUID URGASEOUS BODIES.

(Application med May 12, 1899.)

` 2 Shegis-Sheet'l (No Model.)

l Z ZL i f Z Lil .l lil A N @eine NllOBUCiCNl HOCHGESANI), OF PARS, FRANCE.

FR LliUiD 0R GSEGUSS BQIEES.

SPECEFECATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 687,377, dated November 26, 190i.4

u :application led iziny l2, 1899. Serial No. 716,471. "No model.`

Be it known that i, JEAN Nizroiicciisn iioiiionsiizvn, engineer, of 200 Quai Jeniinapcs,inthc ciiyollariglepublicofFrance, have invented improvements in Pumps for Liquid or Gaseous Bodies and for Tarious l'ses, of which the following is a full, clear, und c\uct description.

"ihe present invention has forits object an arrangement of single-valve pump reduced to iiie paris strieily necessary to insure an ab- 4 solutcly-regular delivery, at the same time obviating all injurious spaces and all loss due to the more or less uncertain Working of the valves, and partieularlyo the suction-valve. This arrangement of pump enablcsail liquid or gaseous bodies-sncli as water, petroleum, oil, air, itc-to be distributed in exactly-determ i ned quantity, capable of being,` regulated at "il and automatically by the action of a 'other regulatingappliance, accordinT io itis used for the automatic feeding of boilers or for the distribution of petroleum or of spirit of petroleum in oil-motors. My arrangement of pump may also be applied to the distribution of oil for the lubrication of engines and. machines of all kinds, or as pneumatic pump, air-compressor for iniia-tingpneuniatic tires, or vacuum-pump, risc.

i'iy arrangement oi' pump consists, essentially, of a piston which moves in the interior or" a movable cylinder, open at its lower part and moved during a part of the stroke of the piston bv the frictionai action of the e kine o he latter, and ci fixed seat, on

in of the cylinder is seated deiivery period, this seat being a i tted with escapehe piston, the cylinef the latter, is at there is com- :erand interior i entiy suction to i the contrary, en the descent of if: bee-eines seated on its seat, so as to ,i nl communication between iheeiA eriorand their; ior, andthe iiuid sucked in is forced into the delivery-- passage. 'iiie working ei my arrangement of pump may therefore be divided into four periods: iii-st, ascent of the cylinder and piston to establish communication between the exieriorand the interior of the cylinder; second7 ascent of the piston alone or suction to the interior of the cylinder; third, descentof the cylinder and piston on application of thc cylinder to its seat, so as to close all communication between the exterior and the interior of the cylinder, and, fourth, desccntot' the pis4 ton alone or delivery of the fluid sucked in.

In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, I have represented examples of the saine in the drawings accompanying; my specification.

ini-he accompanying drawings, Figure l is a vertical sectional view ot" a pump einliodying my invention. in this view the parts are shown in the position of rest. Fig. 2 is a vertical section drawn on the line ii. i3 of Fig. i. Fig. a horizontal section drawn on the line CDofi `ig.1. Figishows the apparatus at the end ot' the first'phasc of the upward stroke of the piston-thai'. is to Say, when the liquid-admission orifice is entirely uncovered. Fig. 5 is a horizontal scction drawn on the line li F of Fig. Fig. (i shows iiie piston at the end of its upward stroke, Fig, 7 represents the apparatus at the end oi the First phase of the downward stroke of the piston--i-hat is to say, when the liquid -ad mission orifice is closed. S shows the apparatus regulated so as io produce no useful effect.

In the various iigures like letters indicate like parts. A

The structure consists in principle in empleying a diierential piston the lower part of which is of smaller diameterand has only for eiect to deliver the oil, while the upper part is of larger diameter and is intended to establish contact of the movable cylinder with the edee of the delivery-orifice, at the same timeassuringaperfectjoint. iiioreoveigwith this vien' channels are formed in the movable cylinder, se as to allen' the liquid to arrive as far as under the loner face ot' the larger piston in such manner that the liquid which thus imprisoned at the moment of delivery assures a perfect joint not only between the movable cylinder and the delivery-passage,

but also between this movable cylinder' and the piston of small diameter.

My improved Vpump comprises a diifercntial piston ihc lower part fi of which `is of smaller diameter and hasuor its object to dnive the liquid into the delivery-opening (I, while the upper part a? is of larger diameter and is solely intended to draw up a certain quantity of liquid and then to press ou this liquid so to strongly press the movable cylinder onto its seat c and to assure a perfect joint, as will be described hereinafter. The double pistou o a2 receives its constant toand-lro movement from any'snitable mechanical arrangement and is located-in a. movable cylinder which has two parts b'lyz of dillerent diameters, corresponding, respectively,to those ot' the pistons of o2. ln the lower part L' of theinovable cylinder are made channels p, opening' at one end int-o the spacein the part ifi below the piston ai and at the other end inte circular Space q, arranged so ars to communien ,e with the interior of the receiver g when tin nwvabie cylinder arrives at the top olf ai e. 'the movable cylinder` moves at in lo er part in a guide fr, having teeth or projections s, which allow the liquid contained in the receiver g to enter the eircular q when this cylinder is at tho ton of its Stroke. in this guide yr are formed, in

addition, openings 15, which durin'gthe geriod ol? admi ion. enables the liquid contained in 'the receiver g to enter the cylindrical space i This space c' is closed at. its

t c. oy the escape-valve c. The usethe pistou is regulated by varying the 4tion of the Sleeve f, which is cured i.,- e regulated position by the lool(- nut la.

The dili'erent parts of the pump beingr in the posit-ion Shown at Fig. l, the apparatus; werke follows: The double pieton n al in moving upward. carries with `it by friction during a part ot its stroke the movable cylinder until this latter comes againet the abutment-5h? j", Fig. l. The movable cylinder is therefore no longer on its seat c and the circular space q comes opposite the teeth or projoggtiones in auch manner that there is communication between the interior ofthe receiver g' and the channels j. The double pieton .ontinning to rise, the' piston ai produceeaeuetion oi the liquid through the channele n and into the interior et' the free space which at. the lower end of this piston. When the double piston isat the top of its stroke, Fig. il, the lower piston o] is entirely ont ofthe cylindrical space c', and the liquid of the receiver g entere freely through the openinge t into the space c'. The piston then descends and takes with it the movable cyl-y inde-r,4 which is applied to its seat c, Fig. 7. The circular space q is then stopped by the sides et' the guide '12 in the continued downward motion of the piston the pinion fl.' delivere, on the one hand, the liquid to be distributed. contained in tlfe space c byorciingr this latter to push baci; the retainingvalve e. On the other hand, the liquid below tho piscon o2 is also driven. This liquid cannot flow @Keent through the play iet t between the moveen??? able cylinder and its guide r, and the delivery will be made with a greater resistance in proportion to the smallnese of play left btween this movable cylinder and its guide. 'lhere results, therefore7 from vthin resistance to the delivery a pressure on the upper surljace of the part 1)' of the movable cylinder, which has the effect ot' applying this latter firmly toits seat c. Again, the liquid thus compressed has the effect of oppoeing any escapo between the piston a and the part Zr' of lne movable cylinder. Under these conditions it isinsured that the volume of liquid which has entered the space c during the periodofadmission will be completely delivered.

In order that the volume of liqud distributed at every stroke of the piston may be ascertained, l have devised the following armngement: The upper piston oz passes through the regulatiiw-sleeve f and is provided with a cylindrical space u, the interior diameter of which is equal to that ofthe lower hinten of, and in this space is located a rod l', which is fixed rigidly to the movable cylinder by ineans ot the crees-pin it'. In order to permit trelativo movement between the piston and itguide or cylinder, a Slot u; is made in 'the pistol i. The end of the rod uis flush with the end o *the pistou o? when the latter is at the bottom le? its stroke, Fig. il. During the tiret phase ol' the upward stroke of the piston as the movable cylinder is moved bythe latter the end ot the rod n remains always at the name level as the end of the piston c1,2,l `ig.-l. (in the contrary, duringr the second phase 0l' the upward stroke ol the piston as the movable cylinder is stopped by the abutmenteleeve j" the rod v remains immovable andthe piston ai" continuera to rise. lVhen this piston has arrived at the top of its stroke, Fig. (i, the volume ol' the space y will eorreepond exactly with the volume of liquid which should be delivered by tho piston d in the course ot its. descent. lVhen the abutmentelcevo j' is placed in a 1position enabling; the movable cylinder to accompany the piston through its entire stroke, Fig. 8, it will be noted that the volume of liquid delivered is nothing, and in this case the end of the rod u remains alwayn at the level ol' the end of the pieton Uk.

I claimi l. ln alunni), the combinationot adillerential pieton, a movable cylinder cot'iperating therewith, a fixed valve-seat with which `the cylinder eot'iperates, said piston being olf ditfcrent diameters and the part thereof having the smaller diameter bei-ng adapted to drive the iiquid which has entered the space in the ixed seat into tho delivery-passage, whereas the part ot' the piston which has the larger diameter i adapted to suck up a certain tuantityot' liquid and then to pia-ss upon this liquid soars to forcibly apply this movable eylinderto ite seat and thu's insure a perfect tightnees, eubtantially as herein not forth. in a pump, the combination ot' a piston IOC IIO

having a cylindrical space the interior diamadapted to communicate with the suctionetcrof which is equal to that of thc lower end y port of the casing, said cylinder beingadaptof said piston and in which space is located a rod and a movable cylinder cooperatingr with said piston and to which cylinder the rod is fixed, the end o`t` the rod heim,r llush with theend of the upper portion ol' the piston when the latter is at the bottom ol ill` stroke, so that when this piston is at the top et' its strokethe dilerence of stroke between the pistou and its inclosed rod produces in the interior of this piston a space the volume et which corresponds to that ot the liquid which Awill be driven out by the lower piston during its descent, Substantiallyasherein set forth.

3. he combination ol' a casinghaving.;l suctionauddelivery ports, a cylinder movable relatively to the easing"r and having;l a chamber ed in onc position to interrupt the di roet communieation of the interior of the casing with the outlet-port thereof, a piston arranged to move in said cylinder and in frictioual engagement therewith so that it may carry the cylinder along with it, and an adjustable stop located in the path of the cylinder to regulate the quantity ot' luid delivered by the pump.

lhe foregoing` specification of my improvcmeut-s in pumps for liquids or gaseous bodies and for various uses signed by me this 17thV day of April, 1890.

JEAN NlllOlll'tllNli llUtlltlliSlNl). Witnesses:

lnwalw l. MAULEAN, )lannion llnxlu lmNlG'r. 

